汽车弹性悬挂系统泛指汽车中的一类弹性连接装置，其中包含着弹性元件与阻尼元件，用以在被连接单元之间提供缓冲、吸能，并传递二者之间的力和力矩。在现代汽车中，弹性悬挂系统得到普遍应用。最为典型地，诸如动力总成悬置系统与悬架系统，它们与车辆乘坐的声振舒适性、平顺性、操纵稳定性等密切相关，是影响整车品质的重要因素，在现代车型设计中具有举足轻重的作用。事实上，针对汽车弹性悬挂系统的动态分析与改进设计已成为平台化、系列化车型开发流程中不可或缺的技术环节。

本文在汽车工程相关理论指导下，综合运用虚拟样机、刚弹性耦合分析、响应面、优化设计理论及方法，并以具体车型动力总成悬置系统与悬架系统的设计开发为背景，针对汽车弹性悬挂系统动态分析与改进设计的关键技术进行研究。在提出工程应用型技术解决方案的同时，成功地解决了产品开发中的实际技术难题，为相关企业的产业化工作提供了直接的技术支持。具体研究内容主要包括：

（1）弹性悬挂系统动态分析与改进设计的一般技术流程。包括弹性悬挂系统动态分析的基本理论与手段以及其改进设计的流程分析。

（2）动力总成悬置系统优化设计。利用虚拟样机技术分别建立其刚体和刚弹性耦合模型，通过对比仿真分析分析了二者的异同，并在此基础上改进了该动力总成悬置系统。

（3）悬架系统优化设计。虚拟样机建模中匮乏基础数据的估算，利用响应面技术对该虚拟样机的优化计算。

在上述研究过程中，获得应用领域的一系列创新，主要如下：

（1）针对弹性悬挂系统动态分析与改进设计一般技术流程的研究与应用，在国外多由相关企业实施，而真正具有应用价值的研究成果往往被纳入技术保密的范围。国内在该领域尚处于起步阶段，因此鲜有成熟资料可供借鉴，必须开展创新性的研究工作。本文以针对弹性悬挂系统动态分析与改进设计的理论与技术基础的深入理解为切入点，在把握其相关技术环节内在联系的基础上提出一般技术流程，并使之成为贯穿后续分析与设计研究的指导原则。

（2） 针对虚拟样机建模中基础数据缺乏问题，本文以车身转动惯量为例，通过对整车悬架系统的固有频率的测试，再结合最优化技术，提出了估算出车身转动惯量的方法。为解决虚拟样机建模中的基础数据的缺乏问题提供了思路。

（3） 在研究汽车悬架系统与整车操纵稳定性之间的关系时，由于虚拟样机的繁杂而限制了直接对其优化的可能性。本文以车轮定位参数与整车回转性能之间关系为例，引入响应面技术，通过仿真试验建立了车轮定位参数与转向回正特性之间的响应面模型，并根据该响应面模型实施了优化，解决了某型军用特种车辆车转向回正不足的问题。

（4） 在虚拟样机的构建中，将刚弹性耦合建模方法引入动力总成悬置系统，提出了由发动机引起车内低频噪声的分析方法，并提出了动力总成悬置系统的优化方法，并依托优化设计的理论计算结果提出具有工程实用价值的动力总成悬置系统改进设计技术方案。

Vehicle elastic-suspension system generally refers to a kind of elastic connect devices in automobile, it contains elasticicty and damping components. It is used as a buffer and energy absorber between the connected units, and transmit force and torque at the same time. Vehicle elastic-suspension system is widely used in vehicle industry nowadays. Typically, such as engine mounting system and suspension system, they has a close relationship with vehicle carborne coustic comfortability、ride performance and handling stability performance, they are important factors of influencing full car quality, and they plays an important role in modern vehicle design. In fact, dynamic anysis and improvement of vehicle elastic-suspension system has become an indispensable technological link in the process of platform and seriation new vehicle development.

Under the guidance of relevent theories in automotive engineering, this dissertation synthtiecally used funcional virtual prototyping method、response

surface method、rigid-elastic coupling anasyis and the theories of optimization method, the design and development are under the background of certern auto-

motive type. This dissertation studies some key problems in the process of dynamic anaysis and improvement of vehicle elastic-suspension system. While proposing technology solutions for project application, it has succeeded in solving actual real technological difficuty in product development, and has offered direct technical support for industrialization process of relevant enterprises. The concrete research contents mainly include:

(1) The general technological procedure in dynamic anaysis and improvement of vehicle elastic-suspension system. Including basic theory of dynamic anaysis of elastic-suspension system and the procedure for improvement design.

(2) Optimization of engine mounting system. A rigid model and a rigid-elastic coupling model are bulit separately based on functional virtual prototype method. By comparing simulation of this two models to find the similarities and differences, and improved this engine mounting system based on the results.

(3) Optimization of suspension system. The estimation of the deficient basic data in buliding functional virtual prototype model, and using response-surface method to optimize this model.

In the course of above-mentioned research, a series of innovations for application was obtained， mainly as follows:

(1) The study and application of general technological procedure in vehicle elastic-suspension system dynamic anaysis and improvement, mostly carried out by relevant enterprises abroad, and research achievements which worthy of application usually in the rang of secret. Our country is still at the starting stage in this field， so there are very few articles to use for reference, and must to lunch innovative research. This dissertation treat the deep understanding of basic theories and technology for dynamic anaysis and improvement of vehicle elastic-suspension system as a breakthrough point, proposed a general technological procedure on the basis of holding its inner relationship between relevent technological links, and it is used as a guideline for the follow-up anaysis and reserch.

(2) For the problem of lack basic data in building functional virtual prototype model , this dissertation used the moments of inertia of the body as example, by testing the natural frequency of full-car suspension system, and with combination the technology of optimazation proposed a method to estimate the moments of inertia of the body. It offered a new way to solve the problem above- mentioned.

(3) When study the relationship between vehicle suspension system and full car handling stability performance, the possibility to optimize the simulation model directly is limited by the complexity of the model. This dissertation used the relationship between turning wheel orientation parameters and performance of vehicle return-ability as a example, a response surface model is established between these two aspects by simulation. Through the optimization of this response surface model, solved the insufficient return-ability problem of certern type of military special vehicle.