车险业务在财产险保险公司的保费占比超过了70%，但目前各家保险公司的承保利润率普遍下降，低甚至面临全行业承保亏损的局面，这主要是因为车险在保费厘定不合理造成。上个世纪在美国出现了一种新的车险产品——UBI车险，即“基于使用”的汽车保险（Usage Based Insurance，简称为UBI），其核心是根据车辆的使用情况，结合大数据，精确评估出每一台车辆面临的风险，这一新兴的车险形式能有效解决精准定价的问题，已经被业界公认为未来发展车险的趋势。
UBI车险在定价中引入了使用量和驾驶行为的风险因素，通过车载设备收集车辆使用量和驾驶员驾驶行为数据，对数据分析后给每台车做出相对精准的定价。目前在全世界范围内已经有部分保险公司已经开始了UBI车险的探索和应用。本文通过分析国内外UBI车险的实例，发现了其存在的不足之处，并针对性地提出了改进建议。目前UBI车险最主要的是问题是没有考虑外部环境因素的风险变化。如果借助在移动互联网技术、大数据、云计算等学科的发展成果，能使UBI车险进一步改进，使之更加科学。本文的创新点主要是对原有UBI车险定价因子进一步完善，增加了天气状况、道路状况、行驶路线和违章行为的风险因子；在服务功能上新增主动风险防御、紧急救援和社交功能。同时为了增加用户的接受程度，对保费的收取方式进行了调整，将原本按年收取保费的方式，调整为根据机动车使用量多少和机动车使用过程中风险程度高低来收取保费的方式。
UBI车险在国外一个最大的问题是，用户不愿意向保险公司提供驾驶行为、驾驶路线等个人隐私数据。对这个问题我设计了一个调查问卷，通过分析问卷结果得出国内普通的消费者很少有人对个人隐私数据十分看重，只要保费优惠幅度达到客户的心理预期，大多数客户能UBI车险。因此说明在我国UBI车险的需求潜力较大。最后通过分析我国大、中、小型保险公司在发展UBI车险中的可能性后认为，中型保险公司有发展UBI车险的内在动力，预示着在UBI产品的供给侧也有很大的发展空间。因此我们有理由认为随着我国商业车险改革的不断深入和政策面的放开，我国的UBI车险将有广阔的发展前景。
 

In property insurance companies, auto insurance premiums aced for more than 70%. But due to the insurance premium is unreasonable, it makes the insurance company's underwriting profit ratio continue to fall, even facing the industry-wide underwriting losses. In order to make the Insurance company can accurately estimate the risk of different vehicles, there is a new type of auto insurance model, Usage Based Insurance (UBI) was proposed in the Unites States in the last century. The core idea of this insurance is based on the usage of vehicle, and assess the risk of each vehicle with big data analysis, to make accurate insurance price. This emerging form of auto insurance can effectively solve the problem of precision pricing, has been recognized by the industry as the future development of auto insurance trends.
UBI introduces the risk factor which related to the usage and driving behavior, by the OBD equipment. According to the usage of the vehicle, and the risk level of the driver’s driving skills on each vehicle, UBI is able to make more accurate decision, more efficient than the traditional auto insurance projects. At present, some insurance companies in the world have started the exploration and application of UBI. The most notable one is the risk varies of the external environmental factors are not taking into ac in UBI. With the development of Internet technology, big data, cloud computing and other disciplines, it is possible to further improve UBI. In this work, based on the current UBI mode, we take extra risk factors, weather conditions, road conditions, driving route, and the illegal driving behavior, into consideration. Furthermore, we add a couple more new services, active defense, emergency rescue, and social function. In order to increase the acceptance level of the users, we adjust the original annually ged premiums to the usage based and risk factor related ging way.
The most important issue in UBI is how to collect these private data such as customers’ driving behavior, and driving routes. In some ries which has provided UBI insurance, some customers do not want to use UBI because they are not willing to provide these data to such insurance companies. For this issue, I have designed a questionnaire. And based on the feedback of this questionnaire, we see that there are only a small percentage of customers who is . As long as the premium dis rate can achieve customers’ expectations, the majority of customers is willing to use UBI insurance. Finally, this paper finds out that some domestic insurance companies have enough inherent motivation to develop UBI insurance. And with the expected domestic commercial auto insurance reform and policy liberalization, UBI auto insurance will have broad prospects in China.