随着我国交通系统和汽车工业的迅速发展，居民汽车保有量持续增加，全国机动车驾驶人数量屡创新高。由于驾驶人的年龄、性别、性格、驾驶行为习惯及驾驶能力的不同，且混合驾驶行为对城市交通运行效率、城市道路安全以及城市交通仿真建模有着至关重要的影响。因此，有必要研究各类驾驶行为混合驾驶情景下，城市快速路合流区的交通流变化规律。
结合车辆实际轨迹数据，提取车辆行驶过程中的关键参数，并以此为基础建立城市快速路合流区微观交通流仿真模型，主要步骤如下：以NGSIM（Next-Generation Simulation）数据集中合流区车辆轨迹数据为样本数据，量化计算车辆驾驶行为交通特征参数，并采用聚类分析算法对驾驶行为特征参数进行聚类分析，得到各类驾驶行为参数取值；以元胞自动机模型为基础，改进元胞属性及演化规则，建立考虑驾驶行为异质性的城市快速路合流区交通流仿真模型；将模型中车辆空间占有率设置为0.01至0.99，对合流区同质驾驶行为和异质驾驶行为进行模拟，验证异质驾驶行为仿真模型的准确性与稳定性。通过分析36种驾驶行为情境下合流区交通特性，探讨驾驶行为与合流区交通特性之间的潜在关系。
对比同质驾驶行为与异质驾驶行为情境下，快速路合流区内车辆行驶车速、道路流量、道路密度，结果表明考虑驾驶行为异质性的城市快速路合流区仿真模型相比同质驾驶行为模型，可以更好复现道路自由流、同步流、阻塞流三种状态，更接近车辆在快速路合流区实际运行状态。对比36种驾驶行为情境下，快速路合流区内车辆平均行驶速度、道路平均流量、道路密度，结果表明驾驶行为异质性对道路交通运行有较大影响，评估道路运行条件时应该考虑不同驾驶行为对道路运行状态的影响；在安全驾驶条件下，随着轻率型驾驶行为比例的增加，合流区流量与速度拐点所对应的空间占有率呈现小幅度增加趋势，在以轻率型驾驶行为为主的仿真条件下，道路合流区交通流量增加20%，行驶车速提升16.7%，故在驾驶人培训过程中应加强车道变换与车速控制的实际操作培训；随合流区内车辆不断增加，合流区存在一段空间占有率区间，此时道路交通状态较为复杂，道路密度会出现瞬时增加现象，极易产生交通拥堵形成瓶颈，故在快速路合流区上游应设置道路空间占有率采集设施，同时应该加强合流区内违法交通行为的监控抓拍强度，并制定相应政策控制高峰时期快速路合流区汇入车辆流量。

With the rapid development of my country's transportation system and automobile industry, the number of residents' car ownership has continued to increase, and the number of motor vehicle drivers across the country has repeatedly hit new highs. Due to the differences of drivers' age, gender, personality, driving behavior habits and driving ability, mixed driving behavior has a crucial impact on urban traffic operation efficiency, urban road safety and urban traffic simulation modeling. Therefore, it is necessary to study the change law of traffic flow in the merging area of urban expressways under the mixed driving scenarios of various driving behaviors.
Combined with the actual trajectory data of the vehicle, the key parameters in the vehicle driving process are extracted, and based on this, a microscopic traffic flow simulation model of the merging area of urban expressways is established. The data is sample data, the traffic characteristic parameters of vehicle driving behavior are quantitatively calculated, and the cluster analysis algorithm is used to perform cluster analysis on the characteristic parameters of driving behavior, and the values of various driving behavior parameters are obtained. Cell attributes and evolution rules were used to establish a traffic flow simulation model in the merging area of urban expressways that considered the heterogeneity of driving behavior. Simulation to verify the accuracy and stability of the heterogeneous driving behavior simulation model. By analyzing the traffic characteristics of the merging area under 36 driving behavior scenarios, the potential relationship between the driving behavior and the traffic characteristics of the merging area was explored.
Comparing the vehicle speed, road flow and road density in the expressway merging area under the conditions of homogeneous driving behavior and heterogeneous driving behavior The model can better reproduce the three states of road free flow, synchronous flow, and blocked flow, and is closer to the actual operating state of the vehicle in the expressway merging area. Comparing the average vehicle speed, average road flow, and road density in the merging area of expressways under 36 driving behavior scenarios, the results show that the heterogeneity of driving behavior has a greater impact on road traffic operation, and different driving conditions should be considered when evaluating road operating conditions. The influence of behavior on road operation state; under safe driving conditions, with the increase of the proportion of reckless driving behavior, the space occupancy rate corresponding to the inflection point of flow and speed in the merging area shows a small increase trend, and in the case of reckless driving behaviors Under the simulation conditions of 20%, the traffic flow in the road merging area increases by 20%, and the driving speed increases by 16.7%. Therefore, the actual operation training of lane change and vehicle speed control should be strengthened in the driver training process; with the continuous increase of vehicles in the merging area, the merging area In a space occupancy interval, the road traffic state is more complex at this time, and the road density will increase instantaneously, which is very likely to cause traffic congestion and form a bottleneck. Therefore, a road space occupancy rate collection facility should be installed upstream of the expressway merging area, and the merging should be strengthened. Monitor and capture the intensity of illegal traffic behaviors in the area, and formulate corresponding policies to control the flow of vehicles entering the expressway merging area during peak periods.