20世纪90年代以来，在社会多元化、政治民主化和城市现代化的推进下，社区参与逐渐成为中国城市社区建设的新主题和新动力。然而，我国社区建设中呈现出来的参与不足的现状却令人堪忧，有待进一步解决。针对这一突出问题，本文采用了案例分析法和文献研究法，在探讨居民参与社区建设现状的基础上，对我国城市社区参与不足的关键因素—利益进行了深刻分析，进而提出了解决我国城市社区参与问题的基本对策：构建一种以利益为核心的动力机制。
本文以社区参与中存在的问题――社区参与不足作为切入点，倾向于从最基本的利益分析出发，从广义的角度来分析社区参与主体，并从管理学的视角，借助管理学的马斯洛需要层次理论、人性假设理论来研究我国城市社区参与的动力机制，并提出相应的对策。
文章主要分为5个部分：（1）绪论。总领全文，介绍了本文研究的意义，对国内外社区参与相关问题的研究现状进行了述评，还介绍本文的主要内容、技术路线、主要创性点和社区参与的概念。（2）社区建设中居民参与的现状。本部分介绍社区建设的背景，社区建设中居民参与取得的成绩和存在的问题。（3）影响居民社区参与的关键因素――利益。本部分对利益作出了界定，用“经济人”和马斯洛需要层次理论作为利益的理论基础，指出单位制消解了居民社区参与的内趋力――利益，分析了社区参与主体的利益需求与矛盾。（4）构建一种以利益为核心的动力机制。对策措施主要从：居民的利益社区化和社区参与主体的利益调整两方面入手。（5）结论。对全文进行总结，探索进一步研究的方向。

Since the 1990s, there has been a great change in all the classes of China. Improved by the social diversity, political democratization and city's modernization, community participation has gradually become a new theme and drive force for the construction of communities in Chinese cities. However, residents' inadequate participation in the community construction is a big concern and this problem needs to be solved in the future. In response to this outstanding issue, the paper adopts a case-study analysis and documentation. On the basis of the status quo of the residents to participate in community building, the key factor - the interests of the insufficient community participation is analyzed profoundly, then the countermeasures and suggestions of community participation is proposed which is to build a motivation mechanism centering around the interests in this dissertation.
Based on the problem of insufficient community participation, this paper starts from the analysis of the most basic interests, analyzes the community participants from a broad perspective, studies the motivation system of community participation in China's cities from the perspective of management, with the aid of 　Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory and the theory of human nature assumptions, finally the author proposes appropriate countermeasures.
This paper is divided into five parts: I. Introduction. It makes a brief introduction of the significance of this paper, comments on the current study of domestic and foreign community participation. This paper also introduces the main contents, technical lines, major points of the concept and community participation. II. The current situation of residents’ participation in community construction. This section describes the background of community construction, achievements and existing problems in residents’ participation. III. The key factor that affects residents’ participation - interests. This section defines the concept of interests, using "economic man" and Maslow’s hierarchy theory of needs as the theoretical base of interests, points out that the unit system dispels the motivation of residents’ community participation - interests and analyzes the main demands and contradictions of interests. IV. To build a motivation mechanism centering around the interests. Countermeasures mainly focus on the following two points: the communitization of residents’ interests and the adjustment of the main participants’ interests. V. Conclusion. Draw a conclusion after detailed analysis and explore the direction for further study.