近年来，随着中国铁路的提速，尤其是高速动车组，更严格和复杂的维护和监控车辆行驶部分需要实现的，铁路安全检查部门必须接受新的挑战。目前，一些发达国家已经设计并建立了自己的先进轮对检测系统。在我国，研发了以基于相控阵超声技术和普通超声技术的移动相控阵超声检测系统是。
一方面，本文介绍了现有的移动轮辋检测系统和对其的改进，采用1.5维相控阵技术取代现有的1维相控阵技术。通过仿真分析，1.5维相控阵探头波束宽于1维相控阵换能器波束，轮辐面积可以很好地覆盖，探测效果更好。从而减小了探头载体的尺寸，可更好地适应各类车辆的检测。
另一方面，针对移动轮对超声系统现场车轮检测数据，设计了一套缺陷定位算法。最终，系统实际检测的数据分析的时间性能将更好，校验和校准的准确性也将得到改善。本文在调查和总结轮测试技术和设备在国内和国外的前提下，结合中国高速铁路轮毂电机的结构特点和超声相控阵技术的分析，提取了缺陷和干扰的特点，和一系列的缺陷定位算法是基于区域的分割和成长，自动对比度调整，周期延长，相对论，kmeans聚类和Hough变换。通过使用这些方法，可以准确地定位在测试图像中的缺陷。
 

In recent years, along with continuously improving of China railway speed, especially running of high-speed motor train units, more rigorous and sophisticated maintenance and monitoring of rolling stock travelling parts are needed to implement, departments of rail safety inspection must accept new challenge. Currently, some developed ries have designed and established their own advanced wheel set inspection system. In our ry, a mobile wheel set ultrasonic inspection system is researched and developed independently, which is based on phased array ultrasonic technology and general ultrasonic technology.
On one hand, this thesis introduces the improvement of the existing inspection system for the mobile wheel rim, replacing the existing 1 dimensional phased array technology with the 1.5 dimensional phased array technology. Through simulation analysis, 1.5 dimensional phased array probe beam is wider than 1 dimensional phased array transducer beam, and the spoke area can be well covered, and the detection effect is better. Thus, the size of the probe carrier is reduced, which can better adapt to the detection of various types of vehicles.
On the other hand, aiming at designing a set of flaw localization algorithms for the in-site wheel testing data of mobile wheel set ultrasonic system. Ultimately, the time performance of data analysis in practical inspection of system would be better, and the veracity of checking and calibrating would also be improved. In the thesis, on the premise of investigating and summarizing wheel testing technologies and devices at home and abroad, combining with analysis of China high-speed motor railway wheel’s structural acteristics and ultrasonic phased array technology, the features of defects and interferences are extracted, and a set of defects localization algorithms are proposed based on region segmentation and growing, automatic contrast adjusting, periodic prolongation, relativity, KMEANS cluster and HOUGH transform. By using these methods, flaws in the testing image can be positioned accurately.
 

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